Romania’s intellectual property (IP) crime landscape reveals growing challenges in combating digital piracy, counterfeiting, and the smuggling of counterfeit goods. With one of the EU’s busiest borders, Romania is particularly vulnerable to the import and distribution of counterfeit products...

Denmark has developed an effective model for addressing IP crime, through the centralisation of investigative and judicial functions and the establishment of a robust institutional framework, reinforced by informal and highly effective collaborations between partner agencies and rightholders...

This fourth edition of the case-law of national courts on intellectual property (IP) provides new summaries of national courts’ judgments in the area of intellectual property crime (IPC), touching on some of the most prevalent legal issues in this crime area. The cases selected deal with a range of...

With the rise of the internet and e-commerce platforms, consumers have increasingly turned to online websites to purchase medication. However, the use of online websites can be problematic, as many existing online services are unregulated or operated by illicit actors who sell falsified or...

The calculation of damages in criminal intellectual property (IP) cases presents a complex and multilayered challenge across various jurisdictions. One of the most important objectives is to ensure that rights holders, who have a status of victims or injured parties in the criminal case, receive...

This year marks the entry into force of several new EU regulations that transform and strengthen the protection of geographical indications (GIs). Regulation (EU) 2023/2411, on the protection of geographical indications for craft and industrial products, expands GI protection to include these...

The Digital Services Act (DSA) is a new EU legislative act protecting the digital space against the spread of illegal content and at the same time ensure the protection of users’ fundamental rights by creating a safe and trusted online environment. The DSA, which came into force in February 2024 is...

This document, which is updated on an annual basis, provides an overview of the case -law of national courts with regard to the application of national legislations regulating intellectual property crime (IPC). An IPC is an infringement of intellectual property (IP) rights, such as counterfeiting...

This flyer describes the growing use of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) in the art world. These unique identifiers recorded on blockchain are used to verify the ownership and authenticity of a work of art. While the use of NFTs by artists is increasing, so is the risk of criminal actions related with...

This report centers on copyright infringements in the online environment and aims to provide an overview of various national approaches to criminalisation in EU Member States. It presents the minimum standards for the criminalisation of copyright infringements set by major international treaties and...