Tackling migrant smuggling in the digital space presents significant challenges for judicial authorities across Europe. Organised criminal groups use digital tools, online platforms, social media and encrypted telephones to offer their illegal services. Increasingly, this digital dimension of...

Data retention regimes in many Member States have been changed over the past several years or are currently being reviewed in an attempt to bring them in line with the requirements of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). Based on the responses to a questionnaire provided by all 27...