This paper summarises the discussions of the focus group of specialised prosecutors against trafficking in human beings (‘THB Focus Group of Prosecutors’) at their second meeting held at Eurojust premises on 28 and 29 June 2023. This meeting: gathered specialised prosecutors and investigative judges...

On 31 October 2023, an amendment of the Eurojust Regulation entered into force, enhancing Eurojust’s ability to identify links between terrorism investigations and prosecutions, to establish a modern Case Management System, to provide a secure digital communication channel between Member States and...

The use of advertising to fund websites and mobile apps that offer pirated content has become an insidious practice within the online piracy landscape. This flyer gives an overview of the scale of the problem, the actors operating within the advertising ecosystem, and the types and formats of...

This paper provides a comparative overview of the way in which EU Member States, Genocide Network Observer States and Ukraine have implemented the crime of aggression in their domestic laws. How is the crime of aggression defined in national criminal codes? Have the majority of states adopted the...

This report outlines the most prominent cases in which the European Court of Human Rights evalu­ated the application of Article 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Article 7 provides that ‘no one shall be held guilty of any criminal offence on account of any act or omission which...

The Digital Services Act (“DSA”) is a European Union (“EU”) law that brings updated and harmonised rules for providers of digital services. As regards access to electronic evidence, especially in a cross-border context, the DSA (Article 10) importantly harmonises rules on disclosure orders addressed...

The Second Additional Protocol to the Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (Budapest Convention) on enhanced cooperation and disclosure of electronic evidence (Protocol) aims to enhance cooperation among the Parties, as well as between the Parties and service providers and other entities, for...

The Second Additional Protocol to the Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (Budapest Convention) on enhanced cooperation and disclosure of electronic evidence (Protocol) aims to enhance cooperation among the Parties, as well as between the Parties and service providers and other entities, for...

This is the eighth issue of the Cybercrime Judicial Monitor (CJM), published yearly, and distributed to judicial and law enforcement authorities active in the field of combating cybercrime and cyber-enabled crime. The first section covers legislative developments in the area of cybercrime, cyber...